GPG/SSH Commit Signatures

Gitea will verify gpg/ssh commit signatures in the provided tree by checking if the commits are signed by a key within the Gitea database, or if the commit matches the default key for Git.

Additionally Gitea will verify commits signed by ssh keys, which public keys are part of TRUSTED_SSH_KEYS.

Keys are not checked to determine if they have expired or revoked. Keys are also not checked with keyservers.

A commit will be marked with a grey unlocked icon if no key can be found to verify it. If a commit is marked with a red unlocked icon, it is reported to be signed with a key with an id.

注意

The signer of a commit does not have to be an author or committer of a commit.

Automatic Signing

There are a number of places where Gitea will generate commits itself:

• Repository Initialisation
• Wiki Changes
• CRUD actions using the editor or the API
• Merges from Pull Requests

Depending on configuration and server trust you may want Gitea to sign these commits.

Installing and generating a GPG key for Gitea

It is up to a server administrator to determine how best to install a signing key. Gitea generates all its commits using the server git command at present - and therefore the server gpg will be used for signing (if configured.) Administrators should review best-practices for GPG - in particular it is probably advisable to only install a signing secret subkey without the master signing and certifying secret key.

Installing and generating a SSH key for Gitea

You can run ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f gitea-signing-key to generate the private/public keypair for commit signing without any password. Usually you would store the key next to the gitea configuration, then point SIGNING_KEY to the generated public key /path/to/gitea-signing-key.pub. Gitea generates all its commits using the server git command at present - and therefore the server ssh-keygen will be used for signing (if configured.)

General Configuration

Gitea’s configuration for signing can be found with the [repository.signing] section of app.ini:

...
[repository.signing]
SIGNING_KEY = default
SIGNING_NAME =
SIGNING_EMAIL =
INITIAL_COMMIT = always
CRUD_ACTIONS = pubkey, twofa, parentsigned
WIKI = never
MERGES = pubkey, twofa, basesigned, commitssigned

...

---

For SSH commit signing, you need to specify the SIGNING_FORMAT to ssh instead of the default openpgp. SIGNING_NAME and SIGNING_EMAIL are required for verifing the signatures.

This looks like this:

...
[repository.signing]
SIGNING_KEY = /path/to/gitea-signing-key.pub
SIGNING_NAME =
SIGNING_EMAIL =
SIGNING_FORMAT = ssh
INITIAL_COMMIT = always
CRUD_ACTIONS = pubkey, twofa, parentsigned
WIKI = never
MERGES = pubkey, twofa, basesigned, commitssigned
...

• /path/to/gitea-signing-key is expected to be the private key for /path/to/gitea-signing-key.pub see here how to generate a new ssh keypair.
• TRUSTED_SSH_KEYS = ssh-<algorithm> <key> or TRUSTED_SSH_KEYS = ssh-<algorithm> <key1>, ssh-<algorithm> <key2> can be used for rotating the global ssh signing key to continue verifying commits signed by the previous keys.

SIGNING_KEY

The first option to discuss is the SIGNING_KEY. There are three main options:

• none - this prevents Gitea from signing any commits
• default - Gitea will default to the gpg key configured within git config
• KEYID - Gitea will sign commits with the gpg key with the ID KEYID. In this case you should provide a SIGNING_NAME and SIGNING_EMAIL to be displayed for this key.
• /path/to/gitea-signing-key.pub - Gitea will sign commits with the ssh key without the .pub suffix /path/to/gitea-signing-key. In this case you should provide a SIGNING_NAME and SIGNING_EMAIL to be displayed for this key and set SIGNING_FORMAT to ssh.

The default option will interrogate git config for commit.gpgsign option - if this is set, then it will use the results of the user.signingkey, user.name and user.email as appropriate.

By adjusting Git’s config file within Gitea’s repositories, SIGNING_KEY=default could be used to provide different signing keys on a per-repository basis. However, this is clearly not an ideal UI and therefore subject to change.

警告

Since 1.17, Gitea runs git in its own home directory [git].HOME_PATH (default to %(APP_DATA_PATH)/home) and uses its own config {[git].HOME_PATH}/.gitconfig.

If you have your own customized git config for Gitea, you should set these configs in system git config (aka /etc/gitconfig) or the Gitea internal git config {[git].HOME_PATH}/.gitconfig.

Related home files for git command (like .gnupg) should also be put in Gitea’s git home directory [git].HOME_PATH.

If you like to keep the .gnupg directory outside of {[git].HOME_PATH}/, consider setting the $GNUPGHOME environment variable to your preferred location, otherwise Gitea will use the gpg keys only under {[git].HOME_PATH}/.gnupg.

警告

The default option and repository specific signing keys are not supported for ssh keys

INITIAL_COMMIT

This option determines whether Gitea should sign the initial commit when creating a repository. The possible values are:

• never: Never sign
• pubkey: Only sign if the user has a public key
• twofa: Only sign if the user logs in with two factor authentication
• always: Always sign

Options other than never and always can be combined as a comma separated list. The commit will be signed if all selected options are true.

WIKI

This options determines if Gitea should sign commits to the Wiki. The possible values are:

• never: Never sign
• pubkey: Only sign if the user has a public key
• twofa: Only sign if the user logs in with two-factor authentication
• parentsigned: Only sign if the parent commit is signed.
• always: Always sign

Options other than never and always can be combined as a comma separated list. The commit will be signed if all selected options are true.

CRUD_ACTIONS

This option determines if Gitea should sign commits from the web editor or API CRUD actions. The possible values are:

• never: Never sign
• pubkey: Only sign if the user has a public key
• twofa: Only sign if the user logs in with two-factor authentication
• parentsigned: Only sign if the parent commit is signed.
• always: Always sign

Options other than never and always can be combined as a comma separated list. The change will be signed if all selected options are true.

MERGES

This option determines if Gitea should sign merge commits from PRs. The possible options are:

• never: Never sign
• pubkey: Only sign if the user has a public key
• twofa: Only sign if the user logs in with two-factor authentication
• basesigned: Only sign if the parent commit in the base repo is signed.
• headsigned: Only sign if the head commit in the head branch is signed.
• commitssigned: Only sign if all the commits in the head branch to the merge point are signed.
• approved: Only sign approved merges to a protected branch.
• always: Always sign

Options other than never and always can be combined as a comma separated list. The merge will be signed if all selected options are true.

Obtaining the Public Key of the Signing Key

The public key used to sign Gitea’s commits can be obtained from the API at:

/api/v1/signing-key.gpg

In cases where there is a repository specific key this can be obtained from:

/api/v1/repos/:username/:reponame/signing-key.gpg

For ssh commit signing the default ssh public key can be obtained via the API at:

/api/v1/signing-key.pub